World Countries-Rwanda
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	RWANDA Country Name Republic of Rwanda Capital Kigali Currency Rwandan franc Religion Roman Catholic Surface Area 26,338 sq km Population 8,440,820 Nationality Rwandan Languages Kinyarwanda (official) , French (official), English (official)	Click to Enlarge the Map

Geographical Information
Map Location Africa Geographical Location 2° 00' South Latitude 30° 00' East Longitude Surface Area 26,338 sq km Climate Temperate; two rainy seasons (February to April, November to January); mild in mountains with frost and snow possible Natural Resources Gold, cassiterite (tin ore), wolframite (tungsten ore), methane, hydropower, arable land
Political Information
Country Name Republic of Rwanda Capital City Kigali Government Type Republic; presidential, multiparty system Administrative Divisions 12 provinces (in French - provinces, singular - province; in Kinyarwanda - prefigintara for singular and plural); Butare, Byumba, Cyangugu, Gikongoro, Gisenyi, Gitarama, Kibungo, Kibuye, Kigali Rurale, Kigali-ville, Umutara, Ruhengeri Independence Day 1 July 1962 (from Belgium-administered UN trusteeship)
Demographical Information
Population 8,440,820 (July 2005 est.) Nationality Rwandan Ethnic Groups Hutu 84%, Tutsi 15%, Twa (Pygmoid) 1% Religion Roman Catholic 56.5%, Protestant 26%, Adventist 11.1%, Muslim 4.6%, indigenous beliefs 0.1%, none 1.7% (2001) Languages Kinyarwanda (official) universal Bantu vernacular, French (official), English (official), Kiswahili (Swahili) used in commercial centers Population Growth Rate 2.43% (2005 est.)
Economical Information
Currency Rwandan franc (RWF) Industries Cement, agricultural products, small-scale beverages, soap, furniture, shoes, plastic goods, textiles, cigarettes Labor Force 4.6 million (2000) Labor Force by Sectors Agriculture 90% Agriculture Products Coffee, tea, pyrethrum (insecticide made from chrysanthemums), bananas, beans, sorghum, potatoes; livestock Export Commodities Coffee, tea, hides, tin ore Export Partners Indonesia 35.4%, China 7.1%, Germany 3.4% (2004) Import Commodities Foodstuffs, machinery and equipment, steel, petroleum products, cement and construction material Import Partners Kenya 21.9%, Germany 7.8%, Belgium 7.7%, Uganda 5.9%, France 5.9% (2004)
Transportation
Railways - Highways 12,000 km Pipelines - Airports 9 (2004 est.) Ports and Harbors Cyangugu, Gisenyi, Kibuye
Communication
Phone Code +250 Internet Abbreviation .rw
Other
Short History In 1959, three years before independence from Belgium, the majority ethnic group, the Hutus, overthrew the ruling Tutsi king. Over the next several years, thousands of Tutsis were killed, and some 150,000 driven into exile in neighboring countries. The children of these exiles later formed a rebel group, the Rwandan Patriotic Front (RPF), and began a civil war in 1990. The war, along with several political and economic upheavals, exacerbated ethnic tensions, culminating in April 1994 in the genocide of roughly 800,000 Tutsis and moderate Hutus. The Tutsi rebels defeated the Hutu regime and ended the killing in July 1994, but approximately 2 million Hutu refugees - many fearing Tutsi retribution - fled to neighboring Burundi, Tanzania, Uganda, and the former Zaire. Since then, most of the refugees have returned to Rwanda, but about 10,000 that remain in the neighboring Democratic Republic of the Congo have formed an extremist insurgency bent on retaking Rwanda, much as the RPF tried in 1990. Despite substantial international assistance and political reforms - including Rwanda's first local elections in March 1999 and its first post-genocide presidential and legislative elections in August and September 2003, respectively - the country continues to struggle to boost investment and agricultural output, and ethnic reconciliation is complicated by the real and perceived Tutsi political dominance. Kigali's increasing centralization and intolerance of dissent, the nagging Hutu extremist insurgency across the border, and Rwandan involvement in two wars in recent years in the neighboring Democratic Republic of the Congo continue to hinder Rwanda's efforts to escape its bloody legacy.
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