| Geographical Information |
| Map Location |
Africa |
| Geographical Location |
8° 00' North Latitude
38° 00' East Longitude |
| Surface Area |
1,127,127 sq km |
| Climate |
Tropical monsoon with wide topographic-induced variation |
| Natural Resources |
Small reserves of gold, platinum, copper, potash, natural gas, hydropower |
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| Political Information |
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| Country Name |
Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia |
| Capital City |
Addis Ababa |
| Government Type |
Federal republic |
| Administrative Divisions |
9 ethnically-based states (kililoch, singular - kilil) and 2 self-governing administrations* (astedaderoch, singular - astedader);
Adis Abeba* (Addis Ababa), Afar, Amara (Amhara), Binshangul Gumuz, Dire Dawa*, Gambela Hizboch (Gambela Peoples), Hareri Hizb (Harari People),
Oromiya (Oromia), Sumale (Somali), Tigray, Ye Debub Biheroch Bihereseboch na Hizboch (Southern Nations, Nationalities and Peoples) |
| Independence Day |
Oldest independent country in Africa and one of the oldest in the world - at least 2,000 years |
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| Demographical Information |
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| Population |
73,053,286 (July 2005 est.) |
| Nationality |
Ethiopian |
| Ethnic Groups |
Oromo 40%, Amhara and Tigre 32%, Sidamo 9%, Shankella 6%, Somali 6%, Afar 4%, Gurage 2%, other 1% |
| Religion |
Muslim 45%-50%, Ethiopian Orthodox 35%-40%, animist 12%, other 3%-8% |
| Languages |
Amharic, Tigrinya, Oromigna, Guaragigna, Somali, Arabic, other local languages, English (major foreign language taught in schools) |
| Population Growth Rate |
2.36% (2005 est.) |
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| Economical Information |
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| Currency |
Birr (ETB) |
| Industries |
Food processing, beverages, textiles, chemicals, metals processing, cement |
| Labor Force |
NA (2001 est.) |
| Labor Force by Sectors |
Agriculture and animal husbandry 80%, industry and construction 8%, government and services 12% (1985) |
| Agriculture Products |
Cereals, pulses, coffee, oilseed, sugarcane, potatoes, qat; hides, cattle, sheep, goats |
| Export Commodities |
Coffee, qat, gold, leather products, live animals, oilseeds |
| Export Partners |
Djibouti 13.6%, Germany 9.7%, Japan 9%, Saudi Arabia 6.5%, US 5.4%, Italy 4.9%, UK 4.3% (2004) |
| Import Commodities |
Food and live animals, petroleum and petroleum products, chemicals, machinery, motor vehicles, cereals, textiles |
| Import Partners |
Saudi Arabia 25%, US 15.9%, China 6.7% (2004) |
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| Transportation |
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| Railways |
681 km (Ethiopian segment of the Addis Ababa-Djibouti railroad) |
| Highways |
33,297 km |
| Pipelines |
- |
| Airports |
83 (2004 est.) |
| Ports and Harbors |
None; Ethiopia is landlocked and by agreement with Eritrea was using the ports of Assab and Massawa;
since the border dispute with Eritrea flared, Ethiopia has used the port of Djibouti for nearly all of its imports |
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| Communication |
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| Phone Code |
+251 |
| Internet Abbreviation |
.et |
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| Other |
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| Short History |
Unique among African countries, the ancient Ethiopian monarchy maintained its freedom from colonial rule, with the exception of the 1936-41 Italian occupation during World War II.
In 1974 a military junta, the Derg, deposed Emperor Haile SELASSIE (who had ruled since 1930) and established a socialist state. Torn by bloody coups, uprisings, wide-scale drought,
and massive refugee problems, the regime was finally toppled in 1991 by a coalition of rebel forces, the Ethiopian People's Revolutionary Democratic Front (EPRDF). A constitution was
adopted in 1994 and Ethiopia's first multiparty elections were held in 1995. A two and a half year border war with Eritrea ended with a peace treaty on 12 December 2000.
Final demarcation of the boundary is currently on hold due to Ethiopian objections to an international commission's finding requiring it to surrender sensitive territory. |
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