World Countries-Bosnia and Herzegovina
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Photo Gallery	BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA Country Name Bosnia and Herzegovina Capital Sarajevo Currency Marka Religion Muslim , Orthodox Surface Area 51,129 sq km Population 4,025,476 Nationality Bosnian, Herzegovinian Languages Bosnian, Croatian, Serbian	Click to Enlarge the Map

Geographical Information
Map Location Europe Geographical Location 44° 00' North Latitude 18° 00' East Longitude Surface Area 51,129 sq km Climate Hot summers and cold winters; areas of high elevation have short, cool summers and long, severe winters; mild, rainy winters along coast Natural Resources Coal, iron ore, bauxite, copper, lead, zinc, chromite, cobalt, manganese, nickel, clay, gypsum, salt, sand, forests, hydropower
Political Information
Country Name Bosnia and Herzegovina Capital City Sarajevo Government Type Emerging federal democratic republic Administrative Divisions 2 first-order administrative divisions and 1 internationally supervised district* - Brcko district (Brcko Distrikt)*, the Bosniak/Croat Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina (Federacija Bosna i Hercegovina) and the Bosnian Serb-led Republika Srpska; note - Brcko district is in northeastern Bosnia and is an administrative unit under the sovereignty of Bosnia and Herzegovina; the district remains under international supervision Independence Day 1 March 1992 (from Yugoslavia; referendum for independence was completed 1 March 1992; independence was declared 3 March 1992)
Demographical Information
Population 4,025,476 (July 2005 est.) Nationality Bosnian, Herzegovinian Ethnic Groups Serb 37.1%, Bosniak 48%, Croat 14.3%, other 0.6% (2000) Religion Muslim 40%, Orthodox 31%, Roman Catholic 15%, other 14% Languages Bosnian, Croatian, Serbian Population Growth Rate 0.44% (2005 est.)
Economical Information
Currency Marka (BAM) Industries Steel, coal, iron ore, lead, zinc, manganese, bauxite, vehicle assembly, textiles, tobacco products, wooden furniture, tank and aircraft assembly, domestic appliances, oil refining (2001) Labor Force 1.026 million (2001) Labor Force by Sectors Agriculture NA, industry NA, services NA Agriculture Products Wheat, corn, fruits, vegetables; livestock Export Commodities Metals, clothing, wood products Export Partners Italy 22.9%, Croatia 22.1%, Germany 20.3%, Austria 7.5%, Slovenia 6.9%, Hungary 4.9% (2004) Import Commodities Machinery and equipment, chemicals, fuels, foodstuffs Import Partners Croatia 26.4%, Germany 14.9%, Slovenia 13.4%, Italy 12%, Austria 6.9%, Hungary 6.4% (2004)
Transportation
Railways 1,021 km (795 km electrified) Highways 21,846 km Pipelines - Airports 27 (2004 est.) Ports and Harbors Bosanska Gradiska, Bosanski Brod, Bosanski Samac, and Brcko (all inland waterway ports on the Sava), Orasje
Communication
Phone Code +387 Internet Abbreviation .ba
Other
Short History Bosnia and Herzegovina's declaration of sovereignty in October 1991, was followed by a declaration of independence from the former Yugoslavia on 3 March 1992 after a referendum boycotted by ethnic Serbs. The Bosnian Serbs - supported by neighboring Serbia and Montenegro - responded with armed resistance aimed at partitioning the republic along ethnic lines and joining Serb-held areas to form a "Greater Serbia." In March 1994, Bosniaks and Croats reduced the number of warring factions from three to two by signing an agreement creating a joint Bosniak/Croat Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina. On 21 November 1995, in Dayton, Ohio, the warring parties initialed a peace agreement that brought to a halt three years of interethnic civil strife (the final agreement was signed in Paris on 14 December 1995). The Dayton Agreement retained Bosnia and Herzegovina's international boundaries and created a joint multi-ethnic and democratic government. This national government was charged with conducting foreign, diplomatic, and fiscal policy. Also recognized was a second tier of government comprised of two entities roughly equal in size: the Bosniak/Croat Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina and the Bosnian Serb-led Republika Srpska (RS). The Federation and RS governments were charged with overseeing most government functions. The Office of the High Representative (OHR) was established to oversee the implementation of the civilian aspects of the agreement. In 1995-96, a NATO-led international peacekeeping force (IFOR) of 60,000 troops served in Bosnia to implement and monitor the military aspects of the agreement. IFOR was succeeded by a smaller, NATO-led Stabilization Force (SFOR) whose mission was to deter renewed hostilities. European Union peacekeeping troops (EUFOR) replaced SFOR in December 2004; their mission was to maintain peace and stability throughout the country.
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