| Geographical Information |
| Map Location |
Asia |
| Geographical Location |
40° 00' North Latitude
45° 00' East Longitude |
| Surface Area |
29,800 sq km |
| Climate |
Highland continental, hot summers, cold winters |
| Natural Resources |
Small deposits of gold, copper, molybdenum, zinc, alumina |
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| Political Information |
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| Country Name |
Republic of Armenia |
| Capital City |
Yerevan |
| Government Type |
Republic |
| Administrative Divisions |
11 provinces (marzer, singular - marz); Aragatsotn, Ararat, Armavir, Geghark'unik', Kotayk', Lorri, Shirak, Syunik', Tavush, Vayots' Dzor, Yerevan |
| Independence Day |
21 September 1991 (from Soviet Union) |
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| Demographical Information |
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| Population |
2,982,904 (July 2005 est.) |
| Nationality |
Armenian |
| Ethnic Groups |
Armenian 93% , Azeri 1% , Russian 2% , other (mostly Yezidi Kurds) 4% (2002) |
| Religion |
Armenian Apostolic 94% , other Christian 4% , Yezidi (Zoroastrian/animist) 2% |
| Languages |
Armenian 96% , Russian 2% , other 2% |
| Population Growth Rate |
-0.25% (2005 est.) |
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| Economical Information |
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| Currency |
Dram (AMD) |
| Industries |
Diamond-processing, metal-cutting machine tools, forging-pressing machines, electric motors, tires, knitted wear, hosiery, shoes, silk fabric, chemicals, trucks,
instruments, microelectronics, jewelry manufacturing, software development, food processing, brandy |
| Labor Force |
1.4 million (2001) |
| Labor Force by Sectors |
Agriculture 45% , industry 25% , services 30% (2002 est.) |
| Agriculture Products |
Fruit (especially grapes), vegetables; livestock |
| Export Commodities |
Diamonds, mineral products, foodstuffs, energy |
| Export Partners |
Belgium 16.8%, Israel 14.3%, Russia 14.2%, Germany 11.4%, Iran 9.9%, US 7.8%, Netherlands 5.8% (2004) |
| Import Commodities |
Natural gas, petroleum, tobacco products, foodstuffs, diamonds |
| Import Partners |
Belgium 10.3%, Iran 10.2%, Russia 9.8%, Israel 8.6%, US 7.7%, UAE 6.2%, Italy 5.4%, Germany 5%, France 4.6%, Ukraine 4.5% (2004) |
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| Transportation |
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| Railways |
845 km |
| Highways |
8,431 km |
| Pipelines |
Gas 1,871 km (2004) |
| Airports |
16 (2004 est.) |
| Ports and Harbors |
- |
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| Communication |
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| Phone Code |
+374 |
| Internet Abbreviation |
.am |
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| Other |
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| Short History |
Armenia prides itself on being the first nation to formally adopt Christianity (early 4th century). Despite periods of autonomy, over the centuries
Armenia came under the sway of various empires including the Roman, Byzantine, Arab, Persian, and Ottoman. It was incorporated into Russia in 1828 and the USSR in 1920.
Armenian leaders remain preoccupied by the long conflict with Muslim Azerbaijan over Nagorno-Karabakh, a primarily Armenian-populated region, assigned to Soviet Azerbaijan
in the 1920s by Moscow. Armenia and Azerbaijan began fighting over the area in 1988; the struggle escalated after both countries attained independence from the Soviet Union in 1991.
By May 1994, when a cease-fire took hold, Armenian forces held not only Nagorno-Karabakh but also a significant portion of Azerbaijan proper. The economies of both sides have been hurt by their
inability to make substantial progress toward a peaceful resolution. Turkey imposed an economic blockade on Armenia and closed the common border because of the Armenian occupation of Nagorno-Karabakh and surrounding areas. |
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